how to lie with statistics summary

While some may think that business statistics is too much work because it entails a detailed decision making process that includes calculations, I feel that without educating yourself on the processes first you wouldn’t know how to imply statistics. can be very misleading. The bar graph Statistics is as much an art as it is a science and a great many manipulations are possible. Learn what these 3 key … Another interesting concept explained in the book is the semi attached figure: if you can’t prove what you want to prove, demonstrate something else and pretend they are the same thing. 3/2/2014 Do they have any inside information that permits them to choose the least harmful among cigarettes? It is usually assumed that the author of the statistic is knowledgeable in the field to which the statistic pertains. However, most graphs can be manipulated to send an e-mail and have people take a survey, or did they do a social media By continuing we’ll assume you’re on board with our cookie policy, The input space is limited by 250 symbols. For example is it the arithmetical average, median, or mode that is being used to present the data. doesn’t look like much. Any number represents a distillation of a set of data, which was taken on a sample of a population by mistake-prone humans, using imperfect tools, in constantly changing conditions at a single point in time. As of this date, Scribd will manage your SlideShare account and any content you may have on SlideShare, and Scribd's General Terms of Use and Privacy Policy will apply. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. “The “population” of a large area in China was 28 million. Another example: “If you can’t prove what you want to prove, demonstrate something else and pretend that they are the same thing.”, For example: “You can’t prove that your nostrum cures colds, but you can publish (in large type) a sworn laboratory report that half an ounce of the stuff killed 31,108 germs in a test tube in eleven seconds.”, More: ““27 percent of a large sample of eminent physicians smoke Throaties— more than any other brand.” The figure itself may be phony, of course, in any of several ways, but that really doesn’t make any difference. I think it’s particularly useful for a manager or an executive to read and understand this book, because they are usually presented with a lot of numbers, graphs and charts and are expected to make decisions based on these numbers. within an unbiased vacuum, and due to this, they will always never be 100% It’s also important to understand the ranges or standard deviations along with means. The most striking example in the book is the claim used by Navy recruiters: It was safer to be in Navy than out of it just by comparing the death rates of Navy personnel and NY citizens, even though these groups are not comparable. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. manipulate the information you see on a day to day basis, and become more aware This is because, due to the readers’ personal biases, they answered the survey dishonestly. If you toss a penny only 4 times, you could get 4 heads. My description of Descriptive statistics is that they are the numerical elements that make up a data that can refer to an amount of a categorized description of an item such as the percentage that asks the question, “How many or how much does it take to “ and the outcome numerical amount. It gives the readers the knowledge necessary to intelligently question and understand the story behind the numbers. What fields do the men and women work within which Among all the other tasks they get assigned in college, writing essays is one of the most difficult assignments. The book presents a great example for this with rum prices and ministers’ salaries. Honest comparisons should be done in one dimension and pictures should have areas proportional to values. sample to infer the characteristics of the population. For instance, the data collected would only be of one particular group of people, but they would claim it was the population. When most people hear or read a statistic, they quickly have to decide if the numbers listed are valid or invalid. You can change your ad preferences anytime. you could show a bar graph. hypothetical sense, Women make $90,000 a year and Men make $100,000 a year), We post up to 10 new summaries every month in various categories. The Post – hoc analysis which is the cause and effect problem. However, a sample with a built-in bias... ...scheduling and network models. This books shows that misinforming people by the use of statistical material is quite easy and widely used. More accidents occur in clear weather, because there is more clear weather than foggy weather. Statisticulate is the process of misleading people using statistics. inherently wrong, Difference between Percentages and Numbers. Don’t be fooled by missing data: Just because taking a drug clears up a cold in one week doesn’t mean that it wouldn’t have cleared up in a week on its own. Actually we don’t know but that these are the people who would have made more money even if they had not gone to college.”. During our every session in this subject before having our midterm examination I really had hard and bad times in coping up with this subject. An unwarranted assumption is being made that since smoking and low grades go together, smoking causes low grades. not ask enough questions. Ignoring those errors, which are implicit in all sampling studies, you could end up in incorrect results. How to Lie with Statistics Book Summary The book How to Lie with Statistics written by Darrell Huff shows you how statistics are used to mislead; sometimes unintentionally, other times on purpose. ⇒ www.HelpWriting.net ⇐ is a good website if you’re looking to get your essay written for you. Another very important factor is the sample size. So instead of believing every statistic you see or rejecting numbers entirely, learn the language of statistics and the common ways in which it is misused and abused so that you can recognize when you might be at risk for being duped. It states that there are actually three types of averages: mean, median, and mode. There are some people that rely heavily on the statistical information provided by the media, government, and other research groups in order to form opinions or come to a conclusion on a particular idea or product. skeptical eye. A common theory by many primary school teachers is ‘Students perform better in Mathematics than Mental math. The overall theme of “How to Lie with Statistics” is: view any single statistic with skepticism. (Is there any bias?). of how to start challenging the information which is given to you. Mental Mathematics is the ability to utilise mathematical skills to solve problems mentally. The first census was for tax and military purposes, the second for famine relief.”, “Hearings on amendments to the Social Security Act have been haunted by various forms of a statement that makes sense only when not looked at closely. The only answer to a figure so irrelevant is “So what?” With all proper respect toward the medical profession, do doctors know any more about tobacco brands than you do? Mean is the arithmetic... ...How to Lie with Statistics Summary Overview of How To Lie With Statistics by Darrell Huff With additional insights Chapter 1 - Sampling Biases Response Bias: Tendency for people to over- or under-state the truth Non-response: People who complete surveys are systematically different from those who fail to respond. Check out this Summary of How to Lie with Statistics Book Summary by Darrell Huff and read more about the key lessons of the book. Sampling is critical in statistics because we can’t always count or observe every item in a population and therefore have to base our judgments on a selected sample. How to Lie with Statistics informs readers about the manipulation of statistics and how well-known brands use them to lure innocent consumers into buying their products. “To be worth much, a report based on sampling must use a representative sample, which is one from which every source of bi… The best service which can help you is HelpWriting.net, Sustainable Development - Environmental and Governance Perspective, No public clipboards found for this slide. presented is fair and accurate? Because numbers themselves can’t lie, we often times take the stats and accept them as … Is that the real statistic, or what someone reported? Did they call these people, and if so, what graphics lead to a bias, and help shape a message which may not b completely As I examined on what the statement says, the phrase “number of times something happens” really caught my attention because my subconscious says “here we go again the non-stop solving, analyzing of problems” and I was right. My friend sent me a link to to tis site. There were three women enrolled at the time, and one of them had married a faculty man.”, “A report of a great increase in deaths from cancer in the last quarter-century is misleading unless you know how much of it is a product of such extraneous factors as these: Cancer is often listed now where “causes unknown” was formerly used; autopsies are more frequent, giving surer diagnoses; reporting and compiling of medical statistics are more complete; and people more frequently reach the most susceptible ages now. between variables. The data will be presented as the average, but the type of average that is taken is not given. I have learned that statistic is a branch of mathematics concerned with the study of information that is expressed in numbers, for example information about the number of times something happens. The Big Takeaways: Deceiving has become easier with so-called “authentic statistics.” If Consumers fall victim to the numbers of “percentage” claims labeled on various products. Anytime a person wants to make a strong case for why an idea is true, they often rely on statistics.

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